In 2020, the American Psychological Association released the 7th edition of their publication manual. This update includes clear guidance on citing media formats, bias-free language guidelines, accessibility guidelines, robust reference examples, and expanded guidance on the publication process. Feel free to contact a librarian for assistance in navigating the transition to APA 7th edition.
Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.)
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In-Text Citations
Pollan (2001) explains that “the apple, like the settlers themselves, had to forsake its former domestic life and return to the wild before it could be reborn as an American” (p. 13).
Michael Pollan (2001) compares the apple to the settler, because both required an experience in the wild in order to fully express the American experience.
Examples of in-text parenthetical citations:
“In effect, the apple like the settlers themselves, had to forsake its former domestic life and return to the wild before it could be reborn as an American” (Pollan, 2001, p. 13).
One writer compares the apple to the settler, because both require an experience in the wild in order to fully express the American experience (Pollan, 2001).
Reference List Citations
A reference generally has four elements, regardless if it's print or online. Each element answers a question:
Your reference list will be organized in alphabetical order by author last name. Here is an example:
Hauter, W. (2012). Foodopoly: The battle over the future of food and farming in America. New Press.
Pollan, M. (2002). The botany of desire: A plant's-eye view of the world. Random House.
Thompson, P. B. (2015). From field to fork: Food ethics for everyone. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/0-1093/acprof:oco/9780199191684.001.0001
You can always ask a librarian for help. The following websites may also be useful:
These websites may help you better understand the importance of attribution and avoid plagiarism.
